(1) Reduce steadily the incidence of frequently-occurring birth defects that cause serious disabilities; reduce disabilities caused by birth defects.

(2) Reduce infant mortality rate to less than 10 per thousand and that of children aged under 5 to 13 per thousand. Reduce the mortality rate of infants and children under 5 among the floating population. 

(3) Reduce deaths and disabilities of children caused by injury. Reduce by the death rate of injured children below the age of 18.

(4) Keep common childhood diseases and serious infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS, syphilis, tuberculosis, and hepatitis B, under control.

(5) Increase the rate of immunization and vaccination, as part of the national immunization plan, to above 95 percent at the township level.

(6) Reduce the incidence of neonatal tetanus among newborn babies to less than 1 per thousand at the county level.

(7) Keep the incidence of low birth-weight below 4 percent. 

(8) Raise the breast-feeding rate for babies under six months to above 50 percent.

(9) Keep the incidence of anemia among children under 5 below 12 percent and reduce by 1/3 of the 2010 level the incidence of anemia among primary and middle school students.

(10) Keep growth retardation among children under 5 below 7 percent, and reduce the incidence of low weight among the same age group to below 5 percent.

(11) Increase the rate of primary and middle school students that meet the National Standard on Students' Physical Health. Control the incidence of weak sight, tooth cavities, overweight/obesity and malnutrition.

(12) Reduce children’s psychological or behavioral problems and mental illness.

(13) Raise the knowledge level on sex and reproductive health among children of appropriate ages.

(14) Reduce environmental pollution infliction on children.

Strategies and Measures:

(1) Increase investment in maternal and child health care. Optimize the allocation of health resources, increase appropriation in maternal and child health care in rural and remote areas, and promote equity and accessibility of basic medical and health services for children.

(2) Strengthen the system of maternal and child health services. Establish a standardized maternal and child health care institution sponsored respectively by governments at provincial, city and county levels. Strengthen a maternal and child health service network at county, township and village levels, and improve the grassroots maternal and child health service system. Advance the building of a medical care and service network for children, set up pediatrics department in general hospitals above level two and in maternal and child health care institutions above the county level, increase children's hospitals, and standardize wards for newborn babies. Step up personnel training and improve services in children's health sector.

(3) Improve children's health care services and management. Promote the standardization of children's medical and health care departments, and develop services including neonatal health care, growth monitoring, nutritional and feeding guidance, integrated early childhood development, and assessment and guidance on psychological and behavioral development. Progressively expand child health care items in national basic public health service projects. Increase the systematic management rate of children under 3 and the health care management rate of children under 7 to over 80 percent. Bring children of migrant workers into the local community child health care management system, and raise the rate of child health care management among the floating population.

(4) Improve the congenital anomalies prevention and treatment system. Carry out the three-level prevention and treatment measures on birth defects, raise awareness of premarital physical checkups, regulate checkup items, improve service modes, and increase the premarital checkup rate. Strengthen guidance on rational nutrition and diet during pregnancy and the prenatal period. Establish and improve the prenatal diagnosis network, and increase the detection rate of congenital anomalies during pregnancy. Carry out neonatal disease screening, diagnosis and treatment, raise the screening rate of inherited metabolic diseases including congenital hypothyroidism and neonatal phenylketonuria (PKU) to over 80 percent, increase the neonatal hearing screening rate to over 60 percent, and improve the treatment and recovery rate of confirmed cases. of birth-defect prevention and treatment, especially among the target population.

(5) Strengthen child disease prevention and treatment. Expand the coverage of the national immunization program, reinforce the construction and maintenance of the cold-chain vaccine management system, and regulate vaccination. Popularize elementary knowledge on child health, especially urban and rural communities. Enhance child health-related scientific and technological research, accelerate the applicationg of research findings, make better use of appropriate technologies, and diminish the mortality rate associated with neonatal asphyxia, pneumonia, and congenital heart disease. Regulate pediatric diagnosis and treatment. Encourage R﹠D and production of children's medicines, extend the scope and dosage forms of pediatric drugs on the national essential drug list, and improve the pediatric medicine catalogue. Incorporate the prevebtiong and comprehensive services of maternal-neonatal HIV/AIDS transmission and congenital syphilis into routine maternal and child care, heighten the detection rate of HIV/AIDS among pregnant and lying-in women to 80 percent and of syphilis to 70 percent, and raise to over 90 percent the maternal-neonatal transmission intervention rate among pregnant and lying-in women infected with HIV/AIDS or syphilis to their babies.

(6) Prevent and control childhood injury. Formulate and implement a multi-sectoral childhood injury intervention plan, intensify law enforcement and supervision, create a safe study and living environment for children, and prevent and control accidents causing major injury, including drowning, falls, and traffic mishaps. Bring safety education into school education plans, and popularize throughout primary and middle schools, kindergartens and communities knowledge and education with respect to calamity avoidance, swimming safety, recreation safety, traffic safety, fire prevention and product safety, so as to raise parents and children's self-protection awareness and abilities with respect to self-protection, self-rescue, disaster prevention and hazard avoidance. Establish and improve safety and health management systems and an emergency management mechanism for campus injury incidents in schools and kindergartens. Establish and improve childhood injury monitoring and reporting systems. Raise people's awareness and improve their abilities with respect to child protection at times of disaster and emergency, and provide disaster-stricken children with timely and effective medical, daily life, education, and psychological rehabilitation services.

(7) Improve children's nutritional status. Strengthen construction and management of baby-friendly hospitals, improve and implement relevant policies supporting breast-feeding, and proactively popularize breast-feeding. Give guidance on scientific feeding, rational diet and supplementary nutrients, and upgrade parents' scientific infant-feeding knowledge. Enhance health care skills training and prevent and cure child nutritional diseases, including malnutrition, anemia and obesity. Carry out nutrition and health intervention projects among preschool children in poverty-stricken areas, and continue to carry out nutrition improvement projects aimed at primary and middle school students. Enhance publicity and popularize knowledge on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) prevention and treatment, and raise the intake rate of approved iodized salt in iodine-deficient areas.

(8) Promote child fitness. Implement The tational Standard on Students' Physical Health in an all-round way. Rationally arrange students' study, rest and recreational hours, and ensure their hours of sleep and one-hour daily on-campus sports activities. Encourage and support schools in making sports facilities available after class and on holidays. Improve and carry out the system of health checkups and fitness monitoring and establish physical health records for students.

(9) Reinforce guidance and intervention on children's health. Step up health care management in child care institutions, primary and middle schools, conduct education and guidance on disease prevention, psychological health, growth and health care during puberty, and improve children's physical and mental health. Help children cultivate healthy behavior and lifestyle. Strengthen children's visual, hearing and oral health care. Prevent children from smoking, and from alcohol and narcotics abuse. Prohibit sales of tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs to children.

(10) Constitute a public service network on child psychological health. Set up child psychology departments (clinics) and posts for specialist physicians at children's hospitals, psychiatric hospitals and maternal and child health institutions where conditions allow. Schools should set up psychological consultancy rooms, and include in their workforce full-time teachers of psychological health. Offer training of mental health professionals.

(11) Enhance child reproductive health services. Incorporate reproductive health and sex education into the compulsory education curriculum, expand the number of reproductire health and sex service institutions, strengthen capacity building, provide appropriate services to children of suitable age, and meet their consultancy and treatment needs.

(12) Guarantee the safety of children's foods and products. Improve national standards and certification criteria for testing and quality control of infant food and products, raise quality awareness among producers and enterprises, set up monitoring, testing and early-warning mechanisms on infant foods safety, strengthen supervision at food markets in rural areas, and crack down on illicit production and marketing of fake or shoddy foods. Step up supervision on the production and sale of baby products and toys, and the operation of amusement facilities. Improve the recall system for defective children's toys and products .

(13) Intensify environmental protection and management. Control and tackle air, water and soil pollution and industrial, daily life and rural diffuser pollution, and strengthen protection of drinking water sources. Enhance supervision to ensure that exposure levels of major persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals (lead, cadmium, etc.) comply with national standards.